The Knowledge, the boiling Sun, the Sacred Goat, the Day and much more, all in one Zeus

 The names origin and the functions of  the ancient Gods have been always a debatable issue among the linguists, especially because they are related with nacionalistic feeling and the delicate problem of the different people’s religions.

 

 

 

Let’s analyze some of them.

The God is seen from different cultures as the following:

 The God in any religion is called the most KNOWLEDGEABLE. In Ancient “”Greece”” DIA(ZEUS) was the most powerful God because of that: his/her Knowledge.

English (6 entries.)	Shqip (6 hyrje.) (ALBANIAN)
know (p.t., p.p. knew, known)	di (kr. thj., pj. dita, ditur), e di

English (2 entries.)	Shqip (2 hyrje.)
knowledge	dije {f} (tr.sh. dija)

 

In Ancient “”Greece””  AMALTHEIA(Αμαλθεια) or AMALTHIA (Αμαλθια) was the she-goat

 

 . ..τὴν μέν τε λόγος Διὶ μαζὸν ἐπισχεῖν… 

(or, according to some, Nymph ) nurse of the god Zeus who nourished him with her milk in a cave on Mount Ida in Krete .

α——–a(â)

Standard form	Tosk form	Gheg form	Translation
është	është	âsht /osht/ â	is

μαλ——————mal

English (6 entries.)	Shqip (6 hyrje.) (ALBANIAN)
mountain	mal {m} (tr. shq. mali, shumës male)

θια———thiia~dhia

English (Only one entry.)	Shqip (Vetëm një hyrje.)(ALBANIAN)
goat	dhi {f} tr. shq. dhia

She is the mountain goat.

The Zeus himself was called Δία–Dhia

Zeus’ attributes are the eagle (king of birds; Zeus’ messenger) and lightning. Homer’s Iliad calls him “Zeus who thunders on high” and  “the Thunderer,” Δία δ’ οὐ λάθε τερπικέραυνον*:

  

Now let’s see where is this place where ZEU ‘exhales’ his ‘anger’.

At the north the region begins with the Acroceraunian mountains, (which the Roman poet Horace mentioned as “infames scopulos Acroceraunia”). Then from the Llogara national park(ALBANIA) the “thunderbolts mountains” (locally called malet e vetetimes) (Iapygie ou Iapourie[malet e laberisë]-Pouqueville).

 

 

 

KERAUNE=ke + ra(u)ne~qe rane=qe rane(bien) vetetimat(rrufete).

 

 

 

 Albanian flag with Zeus the thunderer

 The bird in the middle is a EAGLE.

He [Zeus] made him the eagle  king of all birds and gave him the task of guarding his sacred sceptre.

         

 

 Above Albanian flag the helmet of Scanderbeg-Pyrrhus-Alexander all carrying the symbol of sacred GOAT of ZEUS, and Albanian flag with twoheaded Eagle symbol of Zeus (east-west)

 Zeus has been at all the times simbolizing the SUN and  the Indo-European ancestor of Zeus was a God of the bright daytime sky *Dieuo and *deiuo (”the day time, a shining sky”) or a sunny day. 

 

English (Only one entry.)	Shqip (Vetëm një hyrje.)(ALBANIAN)
sun	diell {m}

 

DIELLI in Albanian means sun, ZEUS and SUN

 

 

 

English (5 entries.)	Shqip (5 hyrje.)
day	ditë {f} (tr. shq. dita, shumës ditë)

 The knowledge is definetely related to the word ‘day’ or ‘light’ and the source of it is the ’sun’ which burns. The opposite of it the ignorance is related with the ‘dark’ and the ‘night’.

dija (knowledge)- dita(day) -drita(light)–dielli(sun)–digjet(burns)

ignorance=darkness=night

 Homer, Iliad 16.200

 

Ζεῦ ἄνα* Δωδωναῖε Πελασγικὲ τηλόθι ναίων

Δωδώνης μεδέων δυσχειμέρου*, ἀμφὶ δὲ Σελλοὶ

σοὶ ναίουσ’ ὑποφῆται ἀνιπτόποδες χαμαιεῦναι**,

ἠμὲν δή ποτ’ ἐμὸν ἔπος ἔκλυες εὐξαμένοιο*,

τίμησας μὲν ἐμέ, μέγα δ’ ἴψαο λαὸν Ἀχαιῶν,

ἠδ’ ἔτι καὶ νῦν μοι τόδ’ ἐπικρήηνον ἐέλδωρ:

αὐτὸς μὲν γὰρ ἐγὼ μενέω νηῶν ἐν ἀγῶνι**,

ἀλλ’ ἕταρον πέμπω πολέσιν μετὰ Μυρμιδόνεσσι

“Zeus, king, lord of Dodona, Pelasgian,
you who live far off, ruling cold Dodona,
around whom live the Selli, your prophets, 280
with unwashed feet, who sleep upon the ground,
you heard me when I prayed to you before.
You gave me honour then by striking hard
at the Achaean army. So grant me now
what I still desire. I intend to stay
beside this group of ships, but I’m sending out
my comrade and my many Myrmidons. [240]

In Homer we meet the noun Zeus in its nominal  O Ζεῦ~zeu

 

 

 

English (4 entries.)	Shqip (4 hyrje.)(Albanian)
boil (verb) boils (he)	ziej (kr. thj., pj. zieva, zier) zien (ai)

 

 

The truth is that ἄνα in Albanian is very similar to nana which means mother(nënë~nana) or ama.

 

English (6 entries.)	Shqip (6 hyrje.)
mother	nënë {f}
mother	mami {m} (tr. shq. mami), mama {f}
mother	amë {f}, ëmë {f}, mëmë {f}

 I strongly beleive that the pre-Dorian ZEUS has been a Goddes called DIONE-Diônê

Dione was described as “the temple associate” of Zeus at Dodona.

 

 

 Zeus in Pelasgian Mythology was a female and Achiles in his prayer made to Zeus was beging the female GOD :  Goddess  DIA .

2.APOLLO

Homer mentions in the Odyssey an oracle delivered by Apollo upon Parnassus. Besides it must be observed, that at the epoch when the temple of Delphi was founded,, the new cult, presented to the Greeks under the name of the universal Olen, tended to unite Apollo and Diana, or the sun and the moon, under the same symbolic figure, and to make of it only one and the same object of adoration, under the name of Œtolinos, that is to say, Sun-moon. 

Delphi is in fact the temple of the Sunrise and the Sunset of the SUN(APOLLO) (orienting its axis to align with midsummer sunrise and midwinter sunset) which in Albanian is :.

 

After the vowel treatment and other ethymological work we have

 

DELPHOI~ del+phoi ~del+boi ~ del+bi

Del (alb)—-sunrise

bi(e)~bi ( alb)—–sunset

Apollo is often confused with Zeus about the priviledge of being the SUN-GOD.

We already know about an island called DEL-os in cyclades Greece which is called “THE ISLAND OF THE SUN”.
The island of Delos (Greek: Δήλος, Dhilos), isolated in the centre of the roughly circular ring of islands called the Cyclades, near Mykonos, is one of the most important mythological, historical and archaeological sites in Greece.

The island is famous for the great numbers of sun-days during the year.

Delos, in Ancient Greek, means clear, brought to light. The beautiful myth states that, Delos, the island of sun, appeared from Amid waves when Leto, who was being pursued by Hera, took refuge there and brought Apollo and Artemis into the world.

The birth of Apollo, the god of sun, on this island, is undoubtedly related to the morphology of Delos.

in greek the word is (h)eli(os)[ήλιος], in albanian (d)ielli basicly the same root.
Apollo was the god of the clear light and the sun.

Also every albanian knows that we have the word ylli=the star is very similar to ‘ilios’(h^elios) which is the Greek word for the sun.

In Greek mythology the sun was personified as Helios (pronounced /ˈhiliˌɑs/) (Greek: Ἣλιος,)

English (3 entries.)	Shqip (3 hyrje.)
star (noun)	yll {m} (tr. shq. ylli, shumës yje)

All the above Gods in Albanian were called HYJNI which derives from YJE~stars

English (2 entries.)	Shqip (2 hyrje.)
deity	hyjni (shumës hyjni), hy {m} (tr. shq. hyu, shumës hyj)

 We all know that the sun is a normal star but differently to the night stars it is seen as the DAY STAR which in Albanian is DIELLI=DI(day)+ELLI(star).

Few paragraphs above we explained that the name DEL-os which is the place where Apollo was ‘borned’ derives from Albanian verb Del (third person),which describes the SUNRISE

English (Only one entry.)	Shqip (Vetëm një hyrje.)
arise (p.t., p.p. arose, arisen)	dal (kr. thj., pj. dola, dalë)

But in Albanian we have another synonim which shows the Sun rising- Dielli lind

English (3 entries.)	Shqip (3 hyrje.)
give birth	lind, pjell (kr. thj., pj. polla, pjellë)

the Albanian verb lind(the sun){ le} is also a possible suggested root of the noun ( Έλλην [ˈelin] Greek which literally means people of the sun.

lind and pjell (p.t polla, polli ) are synonims to each-other. This last one is the root of the noun APOLLO.

So APOLLO in Albanian means: He who always arises or is borned. This “primitive” meaning which describes the ‘life’ of the sun who ‘dies’ in the evening, and rises (lind-poll) in the morning is very beautiful. It is a good example that the history has not died in the ’shadow’ of mount Athos but it is reborned like the sun by the help of the knowledge and our wish for not forgeting the past because we dont want to loose the future. By the way the English verb born derives from Albanian verb bo ( participle borë ) which is gheg dialect of the official bëj,

English (91 entries.)	Shqip (91 hyrje.)
do (p.t., p.p. did, done)	bëj (kr. thj., pj. bëra, bërë)
make (p.t., p.p. made)	bëj (kr. thj., pj. bëra, bërë)

which is another synonim for the verb lind=born.